I-Sodium hydride CAS 7646-69-7
Ingcaciso yeMveliso
Igama leMveliso: iSodium hydride
I-CAS: 7646-69-7
MF: NaH
MW:24
I-EINECS:231-587-3
Iqondo lokunyibilika: 800 °C (ngoDisemba) (elikhanyayo)
uxinano :1.2
Ubushushu bokugcina: Gcina ngaphantsi kwe +30°C.
Ukunyibilika: Inyibilika kwisodiyam enyibilikisiweyo. Ayinyibiliki kwi-ammonia, ibenzene, i-carbon tetrachloride, i-carbon disulfide kunye nazo zonke izinyibilikisi zendalo.
Umbala: Omhlophe ukuya kumbala ongwevu ocacileyo.
Iipropati zeMveliso
I-sodium hydride yeyeekristale ze-ionic, iikhompawundi zetyuwa apho i-hydrogen ingama-ion angabonakaliyo e-monovalent. Xa ifudunyezwa, ayizinzanga, iyabola ngaphandle kokunyibilika, i-hydrolysis reaction ye-sodium hydride ngamanzi ukulungiselela i-sodium hydroxide kunye ne-hydrogen.
I-sodium hydride ecocekileyo ziikristale zesilivere ezifana nenaliti, iimpahla ze-sodium hydride ezithengiswayo zihlala ziyimpuphu yekristale engwevu ethambileyo, umlinganiselo we-sodium hydride yi-25% ukuya kwi-50% esasazeke kwioyile. Uxinano oluhambelanayo yi-0.92. I-sodium hydride luhlobo lwetyuwa yelitye lekristale (i-lattice constant a = 0.488nm), kwaye njenge-lithium hydride kwi-ionic crystalline, i-hydrogen ion ikhona kwimo ye-anion. Ubushushu bokwakheka yi-69.5kJ · mol-1, kubushushu obuphezulu be-800 ℃, iyabola ibe yi-metallic sodium kunye ne-hydrogen; iyabola ngokukhawuleza emanzini; isabela ngamandla kunye ne-alcohols ephantsi; iyanyibilika kwi-sodium enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-sodium hydroxide enyibilikisiweyo; ayinyibiliki kwi-ammonia engamanzi, i-benzene, i-carbon tetrachloride kunye ne-carbon disulfide.
I-Grey solid. I-sodium hydride ecocekileyo yenza iikristale ze-cubic ezingenambala; nangona kunjalo, imveliso yorhwebo ineempawu ze-sodium metal, nto leyo eyinika umbala ongwevu okhanyayo. Xa uxinzelelo lomoya luphezulu, i-sodium hydride itshintsha kancinci i-hydrogen ngaphezu kwama-300 ℃. Xa i-420 ℃ ibola ngokukhawuleza kodwa ukunyibilika akwenzeki. I-sodium hydride yityuwa kwaye ngenxa yoko ayinyibiliki kwi-organic solvents enganyibilikiyo. Inyibilika kwi-sodium hydroxide enyibilikisiweyo, kwi-sodium – potassium alloys nakwi-LiCl – KCl eutectic mixtures enyibilikisiweyo (352 ℃). I-sodium hydride izinzile emoyeni owomileyo kodwa ivutha ngaphezu kwama-230 ℃, itsha ukuze yenze i-sodium oxide. Inyibilika ngokukhawuleza emoyeni omanzi kwaye njengomgubo owomileyo itsha ngokuzenzekelayo. I-sodium hydride isabela ngamandla kakhulu namanzi, ubushushu be-hydrolysis banele ukutshisa i-hydrogen ekhululweyo. Isabela ne-carbon dioxide ukuze yenze i-sodium formate.
Isicelo
I-sodium hydride ingasetyenziselwa ukusabela komoya kunye ne-alkylation kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njenge-polymerization catalyst, isetyenziselwa ukwenza iziyobisi ezenziweyo kwaye isetyenziswe kwishishini leziqholo, isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ii-boron hydrides, isetyenziswa njenge-metal surface rust, ii-reducing agents, i-condensing agent, i-desiccant kunye nee-reagents zikaClay Johnson.
Isetyenziswa njenge-agent yokufunxa, i-alkylating kunye ne-arhente yokunciphisa, njl. Yinto ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni amachiza, iziqholo, iidayi, kodwa ikwasetyenziswa njenge-agent yokomisa, i-alkylating, njl.
Kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi apho iipropati zokunciphisa i-sodium zingafunekiyo njengakwi-condensation yee-ketones kunye nee-aldehydes ezinee-esters ze-acid; kwisisombululo esine-sodium hydroxide enyibilikisiweyo yokunciphisa isikali se-oxide kwiintsimbi; kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu njenge-reducing agent kunye ne-reduction catalyst.
I-sodium hydride isetyenziselwa ukonyusa ukusabela kokuxinana kwee-carbonyl compounds ngokusebenzisa i-Dieckmann condensation, i-Stobbe condensation, i-Darzens condensation kunye ne-Claisen condensation. Isebenza njenge-reducing agent esetyenziselwa ukulungiselela i-diborane evela kwi-boron trifluoride. Ikwasetyenziswa kwiimoto ze-fuel cell. Ngaphezu koko, isetyenziselwa ukomisa ezinye izinyibilikisi ze-organic. Ukongeza koku, ibandakanyeka ekulungiseleleni i-sulfur ylides, esetyenziselwa ukuguqula ii-ketones zibe yi-epoxides.
Ukupakisha kunye nokugcina
Ukupakisha: 100g/ itini yekonkxa; 500g/ itini yekonkxa; 1kg ngetini yekonkxa; 20kg ngedrama yentsimbi
Indawo yokugcina: Ingagcinwa kwiitini zesinyithi ezinesigqubuthelo sangaphandle sokukhusela, okanye kwiidrama zesinyithi ukuthintela umonakalo woomatshini. Gcina kwindawo eyahlukileyo, epholileyo, eyomileyo nengenamoya, kwaye uthintele ngokungqongqo ukufuma. Izakhiwo mazingene umoya kwaye zingabi namoya waneleyo kwisakhiwo ekuqokeleleni igesi.
Ulwazi ngezothutho
Inombolo ye-UN: 1427
Udidi lweHazard: 4.3
Iqela lokupakisha: I
IKHOWUDI YE-HS: 28500090
Inkcazo
| Igama lemveliso | I-sodium hydride | |
| Inombolo ye-CAS | 7646-69-7 | |
| Izinto | Umgangatho | Iziphumo |
| Inkangeleko | Amasuntswana aqinileyo esilivere angwevu | Ukuhambelana |
| Uvavanyo | ≥60% | Ukuhambelana |
| Isixa se-hydrogen esisebenzayo | ≥96% | Ukuhambelana |
| Isiphelo | Ihambelana neMigangatho yeShishini | |
